Causes of Infertility

Fibroids

Fibroids (myomas) are benign tumors arising from the muscular wall of the uterus. Fibroids are easily visualized by ultrasound. Their presence and location can be further evaluated by the use of office hysteroscopy, hysterosalpingogram or saline infusion sonography, a simple procedure during which warmed sterile saline is slowly passed into the uterine cavity using a small, soft plastic tube.

Common symptoms of fibroidsinclude an enlarged pelvic or abdominal mass, as well as heavy, frequent and prolonged periods, low blood count (anemia), pain with intercourse, painful periods and bladder pressure with frequent urination. Fibroids located in the uterine cavity can cause recurrent pregnancy loss, infertility and abnormal vaginal bleeding. Many women with fibroids may not have any symptoms, or even know that they have fibroids. Uterine fibroids often do not require treatment, but when problematic, they may be treated surgically or with medication.

In women with multiple fibroids, especially fibroids that are large and symptomatic, abdominal or laparoscopic myomectomy may be indicated. Pregnancy rates following surgery are often very high. Even small fibroids located within the uterine cavity should be removed because they can interfere with achieving or maintaining a pregnancy. This is done through the vagina using hysteroscopy.

Other Causes of Infertility:

• Ovulation Disorders
• Tubal Disease
• Endometriosis
• Diminished Ovarian Reserve
• Uterine Receptivity
• Male Factor
• Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

 

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